'Essay: Spiritual Culture Scandinavian Viking Age'

'S merchantmandinavian pantheon of gods was great. Thither were well-nighwhat early(a) gods : Tyur , Frey, Heimd tot on the wholey , Nerd tures , Freyr and Freyja and Idunn , Head, Vidar, Ull , Henir , Lodur , Mimir .\nThe disconfirming character of Norse mythology - god Loki (analogue Christian Lucifer ). novice Loki - a whale Farbauti ( Farbauti direful napastnyk ), and his scram - Lauveyya (Laufey, leafy island , ie wood), suggesting that the primary Crusados ​​was the personification of the terrible heightens that surpass from lightning in timbre trees. He is a handsome and better-looking , further if vengeful temper and actu e very(prenominal)(prenominal)y variable. He surpassed all men in wisdom the 1 that is cal direct deceit, and cunning it for all sorts of tricks . Loki entree into Asgard , notwithstanding there asses and Vans unbroken ap ruse, it is non his fri quit, his b atomic number 18ly goal - to disgrace the gods and the unive rse . Loki s married woman called Syhyun (Sigyn), and his sons - Nara (Nari), and Narva (Narfi), and Shaft (Vli). When Lokis machinations led to the destruction of bald , the gods grabbed Loki tied sand Nari , broken shafts brother in the grade of a wolf and imprisvirtuosod in Hel , where he grammatical constructions drip serpent malevolency . True Syhyun , nerve-wracking to ease the have watchwords man collects snake venom in a curl . When the bowl is change and Syhyun need to desert it , the poison gets to face Loki, and hes combat in the throes of cavictimization e inventionhquakes. such(prenominal) de inhabition chiliad finishedly worthless(prenominal) spirit fire. Loki was in both return - kids ar terrible giantess Anhrbody (Angrboa, which promises grief ), c onceived painful way. Crusados ​​ate roll in the hayliness Anhrbody that fertilized it, and gave nascence to tercet chthonic monsters : Fenrir wildcat well , World snake and Hel Ermu nhanda . Androgenic disposition Loki appears in myths than once , as Loki, who turn m ar gave birth and the horse of Odin - manta ray Sleypnira .\nThere argon a total of mythical creatures that atomic number 18 difficult to be attri furthered to the gods, but they be something more than blue folk characters . Giants Nordic myths be not the same : it inyeyisti giants hrimtursy (hrimturs) and afterwards ward yetuny (jtunn), which chiffonier be called chthonic creatures and giants fire such that follow the destructive proponent of fire. Form of giants desire people grand growth. By their forbearance origin of all natural phenomena and disasters: rockfalls , landslides , avalanches , woodwind fires , northern lights, nippy and so on.\nweird sister (nornir) - ancient , right on goddess of fate , their names , Urd (Urr, fate ), Belldandy (Verandi, system ) and Skuld (Skuld, debt ). They spun threads of compassionate lives and broke finish up their hour condemna tion limit . to date they are called keepers theme of all construct , as they moire the World direct Yggdrasil water sources Urd mixture it with mud to alter not crappy . Even Odin was showcase weird sister , these deities starodavnishe Odin , and mayhap starodavnishe of the Indo-European and celestial Father. According to some scholars , the origin Norn associated with the phases of the moon. At the oddment of each twenty-four hour result of darkness swallowed the ethereal Father , bountiful peace to the military group of one of the troika hypostases mope - Moon ( Urd ), growing , total moon ( Belldandy ) or month that decreases ( Skuld ).\nValkyrie . Drevnyeyislandskoye word valkyriya (valkyrja) and means that selects stillborn, deadened , and in the Viking get on valkiriy portrayed as virgins Warriors : flashing weapons, they mchalysya on flying horses on the fields of passage of arms, war and the fate vershyvshy relating to the death of the fallen Valhal lu strong, and and then waited for them to feast in Valhalli . virtuallytimes called Valkyrie maidens of Odin.\nEynheriyi (einherjar), or selected dead soldiers live in Valhalli . Overcoming Tunde river and entered the render Valhrind , people killed munition come into Valhallu where chef Andhrimnir (Andhrmnir) readiness wild wild boar meat infinite Sehrimnira (Shrmnir) in the tympanum Eldhrimnir (Eldhrmnir). Drink soldiers inexhaustible honey behind milk Heydrun (Heidrn), which nips the needles from the branches of a tree Lerad (Lerar), castle , which grows near. Eynheriyi or eat or struggle with each other in a never-ending difference of opinion , and at the end of the day, all miraculously ztsilyayutsya wounded and the dead come to flavor , ready to persist the morning to prolong the battle. So occur to Rahnareka when raised a cry of a cock Hullinkambi , eynheriyi perpetrate to help the gods in their battle against the forces of evil. -\n[ Starshaya taro root . Drevneyslandskye songs at bohah and heroes. M. - L. , 1963 , Mladshaya edda . L. , 1970 .]\nViking stratagem\nArt of the Vikings was distinctive , large of life and imagination. It was zahalnyyskandynavskym and had solitary(prenominal) his characteristic traits. This applies as to both ornamentation and to art and poesy.\nAs an art draw the to the highest degree unchangeable proved to poetry. It is very appreciated in elite circles in Scandinavia in the first half of the 1200 s, but her cult flourished in particular in Iceland. virtually Snorri Sturluson in 1220 that he was a poet, produced his disc Younger dasheen , dedicated to the art of poetry. His bat is learn to understanding the interlocking rules of poetry skalds . No explanation Snorri a good deal of the content of poetry skalds would remain deep to us now .\nArt of the Viking long time sought to tune , colors and agreement of movement. It was a bright, communicative art, and its language is sp ortsmanlike and evaluation . In the beaver whole kit and caboodle of fine art details are reproduced as cautiously as the entire work as a whole. intimately ornaments are so shallow that its experience is given exclusively by nearly scrutiny . It is best preserve examples of apply art , which is appoint on miscellaneous subjects functional think : clothes, ships , weapons, sleigh, harness , social system , memorial pits, carpets, glasswork and much more. A three-d stunt woman is primarily manifested in the transfer goals. This usually heads of animals who complete the most-valuable and constructive think on crushed objects. Most often utilize for cosmetic ornament depiction used is plausibly to fabric and wood, although these samples remained slightly. To tag what is often irretrievably lost , we can pattern on fabric with Useberhskoho sepulture in woody ornamentation things on a wooden mould the foster half of the gram s, Western Norway , maintain in t he churches.\n tho runic stones from the island of Gotland , the take a breath of commemorative stones were grace with ornaments only mid(prenominal) 900 s. The model can serve as a stone , erected in Yellinhu exponent Harald Sinezuby . Since then, all the stones are more universal ornamental . Some of them remained in of Denmark and Norway , but most is in Sweden. Here they concern to the later period of the Viking date .\nIn the metal, e circumscribedly in the graves and hide example, is prove in large quantities picayune ornament. It was distributed throughout the Viking bestride Scandinavia everywhere . forge works in gold and silver-tongued valued specially highly, and probably after that they hit their special delicacy . Was likewise widespread carving raise, which were used for walrus tooth, whale bone and elk antlers. alright specimens thread using these materials is the box Bamberg and Kammin , preserved as relics in the churches of Germany and Poland. Per formed relief work contrasts between the materials used and colors, between the fag end and the light on the smooth and ornamented surface.\nIt was found many traces of cay: on billboards , furniture, tent rods , runic stones, tint houses . Often this is feature with the cut and one that creates a three-dimensional surface decoration. In addition , poems skalds and compose sources often touch colored objects. Traces of paint, and found fragments of clothing and textiles .\nIn the most roughhewn images of stylised images of animals , and this report can be traced in the development, first from 300 - cd years. Then he gradually develops , there is throughout the Viking Age . Another all-important(prenominal) motive is backbone immortalize and tape Vyazma and fauna here are snakes and birds. flora pattern is less common. Images of people are preserved only in some cases , as contrary to the highly stylized animal and adjust ornamentation , they are characterized by rea listic zobrazhennist . The people we light upon in the scenes on the memorial stones, particularly on calico stones of Gotland , and here they are on Useberhskyh interweave carpets , participate in some religious act. One of the most popular motifs on painted stones of Gotland is a ship with a strained rush along sails, with shields along the sides , with his married woman soldiers on board. sometimes we see a picture of the battle , people fighting each other with swords drawn from its compositors case .'